ü What is society
Individuals
are the fundamental unit of society. The formation of groups is a result of
interpersonal contact. Society is the result of the interactions and
relationships that social groupings have with one another. The participants in
football or other activities are merely a collection of individuals, not a
society. There are patterns and divisions throughout society based on
similarities and contrasts. "Likeness" establishes a network of
relationships between people who share one or more characteristics, such as the
same profession, place of residence, caste, family, kinship, age, or sex.
People with
similar interests are grouped together in distinct groups and categories as a
result of the development of a kind consciousness. Human life would have been
boring and possibly limited without variation in the cultural conditions of civilization, with little predicted change. In a give-and-take partnership,
roles are created that are mutually beneficial. These distinctions result in a
diversity of human behaviours and societal divisions of work, which foster the
development of specialisation. For the satisfaction of his fundamental
requirements, such as food, safety, education, etc., man depends on society.
Both local and governmental levels have societies.
Ø Meaning of
Society
This word is
derived from the Latin word "socious," which signifies companionship or
relationship. Therefore, the definition of society is "A larger collection
of people who associate with one another."
what is society | Definition and Nature of Society
Ø Society
Definition
Professor
Wright: It is a
system of connections between the members of the groups.
Any group of
individuals who have lived and worked together for a long enough period of time
to arrange themselves and consider themselves to be a social unit with clearly
defined boundaries, according to Linton.
According to
A.W. Green, it is the biggest group with whom people interact.
It is a
dynamic web of social relationships, according to MacIver.
Adam
Smith: Society is a
man-made tool of the free market.
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Ø The nature
and traits of society:
The traits
of human society are as follows:
Largest
social group: This
is the biggest social group that has been residing together for a considerable
amount of time.
Social
groups: It is made
up of different kinds of social groupings. Each group has its own structure and
serves its specific purpose. On the basis of occupation, caste, age, sex,
literacy, place of residence, mobility, and religion, these groupings can be
categorised.
The
primary organs are social institutions: Human society's primary organs are social institutions.
Institutional relationships with one another give society its structure. All
societies around the world have at least five fundamental institutions: the
family, the educational system, the economy, the political system, and
religion.
Dynamism: No civilization, no matter how
illiterate, is stagnant. All societies undergo modest but constant change. The
dynamic state of society is what is meant by this. A society that makes no
changes at all is a dead society. But in today's dynamic world, there is no
such thing as a dead civilization.
Culture
is present: Every
human society has its own culture. It is a part of how people live. Values,
sentiments, attitudes, beliefs, practises, rituals, styles, religion, law, and
all human behaviours picked up as a part of society makeup culture. People are
guided in their social interactions by culture.
Fulfilment
of human needs: Human
needs are met by society, which does so by fostering social ties among its
members. This creates a web of connections between people that is based on
economic, educational, religious, familial, and political factors. People are
brought together in reciprocal relationships in this way, giving rise to social
groups.
Presence
of social system: Social
systems are present in societies, and members of these systems participate in
roles that are appropriate for their rank. Social systems are formed by how
members of various groups perform their roles. These systems involve the person
in numerous activities, which control behaviour.
Individual
socialization: Every
aspect of social life involves some form of socializing. Through this process,
a person becomes a contributing member of society. He picks up the social mores
of diverse social groups.
Permanent
social group: Society
is a type of permanent social group that has existed and will continue to exist
indefinitely.
Ø Social
components:
The
components of human society are as follows:
• A large
group of people,
• Feeling a
sense of community with one another,
• Having
shared a home for a long time,
• A
relationship that is essentially permanent,
• Sharing a
cultural heritage.
These are
the components that makeup society as we know it.
what is society | Definition and Nature of Society
Ø Evolution of
human society:
Varied
sociological theorists have different perspectives on how society evolved and
how it came to be.
According
to Thomas Hobbes
"Man
used to be a lonely creature. He'd always been a hunter and a warrior. He was
afraid that one day he would fall prey to another man. Later, he understood
that he might live in peace if others worked together. Society was established
in this manner.
Hobbes'
contemporaries John Locke and Aquinas differed from him in that man have
been leading a peaceful existence.
According to
the French philosopher Rosseau, man was naturally tyrannical in the
early ages. Later, he joined others to live in peace.
Montesque
holds the sociologists' view that man has always submitted to the forces of
nature. Because of this, he assimilated group culture and society.
Iman
Ghazali claimed that
in order to satisfy all of his desires, man must work with others. Social
groupings were established as a result, and human society was created.
Shah Wali
Ullah advised the
individual to embrace a communal lifestyle in order to satisfy his three
fundamental necessities. The survival of the human race, the preservation of
life, and the need for fulfilment were among these demands. In this manner, these
social groups gave rise to society.
According to
August Comte, who gave sociology its name, society was created because the man felt the need for a social life. Similar to Herbert Spencer, who believed
that human society had gone through several stages of evolution. There used to
be purely rural life, but it has since evolved into modern organs of the body
that function in a way that is similar to the institutions of society.
what is society | Definition and Nature of Society
